IEA 11BSA 9

What changed

• No Change except in illustrations cities names are changed from Calcutta to Chennai and Lahore to Laddakh.

Drafting-ready

Under Section 9 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (formerly Section 11 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872)...

Bare act text — BSA 9

9. When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant .—Facts not otherwise relevant are relevant— (1) if they are inconsistent with any fact in issue or relevant fact; (2) if by themselves or in connection with other facts they make the existence or non-existence of any fact in issue or relevant fact highly probable or improbable. Illustrations. (a) The question is, whether A committed a crime at Chennai on a certain day. T he fact that, on that day, A was at Ladakh is relevant. The fact that, near the time when the crime was committed, A was at a distance from the place where it was committed, which would render it highly improbable, though not impossible, that he committed it, is relevant. (b) The question is, whether A committed a crime. The circumstances are such that the crime must have been committed either by A, B, C or D. Every fact which shows that the crime could have been committed by no one else, and that it was not committed by either B, C or D, is relevant.